Speed of Sound and Light

1. Which color had the lowest frequency?

Violet 

2. What is the relationship of the red wavelength to the green wavelength?

 Red has a higher frequency than green

3. What is the relationship of the red wavelength to the violet wavelength?

 The ends of the rainbow, red has a lower wavelength than violet 

4. What is the relationship of the red frequency to the green frequency?

 Red has a lower frequency than green 

5. What is the relationship of the red frequency to the violet frequency?

 red has a lower frequency than violet 

6. If waves are moving at the same speed, what is the relationship between wavelength and frequency?

 They are all part of the viable spectrum and part of the light coming from the sun 

7. Based on the above relationship, if you were to look at a blue wave, would it have a higher or lower frequency than the green wave?

 higher 

8. Based on the above relationship, if you were to look at an orange wave, would it have a longer or shorter wavelength than the green wave?

 longer 

9. If Velocity = Distance / Time, what was the velocity of the waves in this lab?

 velocity 

Rube Goldberg Reflection

Throughout the process of building our Rube Goldberd machine Brandon and I worked together and learned many things from it. The first drawing we did was not that good. As we went along creating the project we thought of ideas and we incorporated those ideas into our project. The first drawing did not accurately represent out machine it was messy and it didn't show all our steps. we had five out of six simple machines including ramps, lever, wedge, pulley, and wheel and axle.

When doing this project Brandon and I incorporated everything we could think of. when we were done with our project we calculated all of the mechanical advantages and wrote it on our final drawing. we went from kinetic and gravitational energy in our project. we thought of more steps as we went along and at the end of the whole process we could of had more steps but we had to end it. Also we followed all of the rules and we didn't need human assistance at any point except the beginning.

We had ten steps including the popping of the balloon. Also all of the six simple machines were labeled on the final drawing. At the end of the project we ended up popping the balloon. At this stage we are done with our project. Brandon and I are done with our project because we we persistent with our work and we worked well together.  

 

Rube Goldberg and Simple Machines

Rube Goldberg was a Pulitzer prize winning cartoonist, sculptor and author. He was born in San Francisco July 4 , 1883. He graduated from the University of California Berkley and got a degree in Engineering. He constructed his inventions by using a complex set of arms, wheels, gears, handles, cups, and rods.

Journal Entry: Energy Transfer and simple machine Learning

Lever:

• A straight or curved bar that is able to move around a fulcrum 

Pulley:

Is a simple Machine that uses grooved wheels and rope to raise or lower the object based on the needs of the individual 

Wedge:

is an object with at least one slanting side ending in a sharp edge, which cuts materials apart. 

Wheel and Axle:

Is used to move heavy loads from place to place 

Inclined Plane: 

An incline plane is a slanted surface that connects a lower level to a higher level. 

Screw:

a screw is a inclined plane wrapped around a pole which holds things together or lifts materials. i have mostly seen it putting things together. 

Newton's Laws Assessment

1. What are the relationships between forces and motion? 
2. What are the variables that affect motion and force? 
3. How does Newton’s three laws describe the motion of a moving 
object? 
4. How does gravity impact objects?

1) the relationship between forces and motion is simple. with out a force acting on the object the object would not be able to change its speed and direction. The best way to explain the relationship is Issac newtons 3rd law. Newtons 3rd law states for every reaction there is an equal and opposite reaction. For example, when a rocket ship takes off all the force is being hurled down towards the ground causing the rocket ship to be thrown into space. 

2) There are a lot of variables that affect motion. Such as, Gravity- the gravity is pulling everything down towards the earth. And friction- when driving a car there is friction between the air and the ground acting on the car. Both Gravity and Friction play a role in affecting an objects motion. 

3) Newtons three laws describe the motion of a moving object in many ways. when a soccer ball is kicked by a player the force of the kick sends the ball in the direction of the kick (newtons first law). when an object is at rest will stay at rest until acted upon by an unbalanced force. newtons second law applied to destroying a wall. when people destroy walls they either use explosives or a wrecking ball because the walls mass is huge and the bigger the mass the greater the force you will need to break it. the third law can be showed by a rocket the thrust of the rocket ship towards the ground will move the rocket in the other directions towards space. 

4) gravity greatly impacts objects. One thing gravity affects is our weight. for example, on the moon you would weigh less because the moon has less of a gravitational pull. but on the earth there is a greater pull because of the earths iron core causing you to weigh more on earth. the moons gravitational pull causes us to have waves on earth. 

Newtons Laws and Mechanical motions

I learned a lot about Newtons laws.
I learned that Newtons first law of motion says "An object in motion stays in  motion unless acted upon another object

I also learned that the second law of motion says "an object will accelerate in the direction of the net force, like what we did in class this week

The next thing i learned is about newtons 3rd law that says for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

All of these Laws are used in the daily lives of every single person in the world.



Proving Newton's Second Law

Question: How does mass and acceleration relate to force

 



Materials used:

• wood track
• spring scale
• weights
• car

Hypothesis: The larger the mass on the car the more force it takes to move it

Steps:
1) Get supplies, stop watch, weights, spring scale, car, and wood track
2) Go over to the station you will be preforming experiment in
3) Put the wood track flat then put a weight in the car, then pull the car with a spring scale to record its force
4)Preform experiment when track and everything is set up
5) After that raise the wood track, angling track at desired angle
6)Record data throughout experiment
7)get graph paper
8) on the X-axis put force (N) on Y-axis put acceleration
9) Plot data, use a line graph
10) Get another piece of graph paper
11) On X- axis put acceleration (m/s2) on the Y-axis put mass (G)
12)Using a line graph plot the data

Museam Of Science Field trip

Audiokinetic Sculpture:

The AudioKinetic Sculpture was very interesting. When I was watching this huge sculpture I was amazed because it must of taken a lot of planning and trial and error to make. I noticed that when watching this one action moved to another, it was very interesting. Although it was cool to watch it was hard to look at because it was so tall. it was a little hard to see because it hurt your neck trying to look up and follow the ball.

Fantastic Forces:

The Fantastic Forces was cool. This presentation was a little awkward because the lady was trying to be funny, but she wasn't. Also she was seeming to kind of being over the top with her attitude or emotions. But, the presentation was cool, it was interesting to see how the balls transmitted force to each other. Also it was cool to see how she didn't get hit in the face with the ball, also it was cool when she pulled the table cloth out from under the water.

Engineering Design: Bobsled

This was really fun to do. I thought it was fun to try and beat the record for the day and try to improve how your Bobsled works. Also it was fun to go against other people to try and beat them and make your Bobsled the Best. Also it was cool watching how something's worked and some did not and how other people were thinking.

 

Lightning Show:

The lightning show was the coolest thing we did all day. It was cool when the guy made the lightning make a song, I did not know that lightning could make sound. also it was cool how that little girls hair stood up because of static electricity. When the guy was in that cage I cant believe he did not get electrocuted.

Ice Melt Lab

Ice Melt Lab:
Initial Temp
5c

8c

10c
12.5c   Ice gone

40c

50c
60c

70c

73c

80c

87c Simmer
93c
95c   Light Boil
95.5c   After 1 mins of boil

1) The water cools down because the ice melts changing it to a liquid and the liquid evaporates
2) the ice absorbs heat because when the ice melts it absorbs heat

Chemistry Of Life

1) How does protein that we eat get to the rest our body? when we digest Amino Acids the energy and extra parts that is made used to break the amino acids apart is used to form proteins. Then the blood transports the proteins to the rest of the body

 

2) How does a bowl of pasta? in a bowl of pasta there are carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are used to supply energy to the cell for cell activities.

 

3) why do we need fats? We need fats because we need Phospho Lipid Bilayer which are present in all fats. we need this because it protects the middle of the cell and it helps with homeostasis.  

Five Chemical Reactions

The five chemical reactions are

• Synthesis- is when two or more substances combine to form another more complicated substance 
• Decomposition- Opposite of synthesis, One substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances
• Single Displacement- Occurs when one element replaces another element in a compound
• Double Displacement- Two different atoms in two different compounds exchange places
• Combustion- A hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen, the products of combustion are always water + carbon dioxide 

Synthesis- when we lit the steel wool on fire
Fe+O2+-->Fe2+ O3

Displacement- nail in copper sulfate
Fe+CuSo4--> Cu + Fe2(So4)3

Trends in the Periodic Table

This week in class we talked and learned about the Periodic Table. The Periodic Table is organised by the type of metals. The most metallic metals are on the far right side, while the least metallic metals (gases) are to the far left. the middle group is called transition metals. A period is the metals going horizontal on the periodic table, a group is the metals going vertical. Electron Affinity sets a trend because the atoms above it are always larger. The trend of ionization energy is when the atomic number rapidly increases.

Flame Test Lab

Introduction: Some metal ions can be identified by the color of their flame during a flame test. Different elements placed into a flame will turn the flame different colors.

Essential Question: What metals do colors indicate?

When solutions of a metal get burned they give off a certain color. When elements are heated the electrons take that energy and and move to an outer energy level. You can use the color that the element changes to when heated to identify the element.

Law of conservation of mass

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In each experiment we tested the Law of conservation of matter. In the first one after trial after trial the mass before mixing went down and after mixing the mass went up, after mixing the chemicals looked like white gell. in the second experimentwhen we put the white tablet in water and then that made gas. the mass went down a lot after shaking the bottle. One difficult thing i had to deal with was makng the air not effect the expirement while finding the mass of the water bottle. I conclude that the Law of conservation of matter is true.

Elements of a star

Where do the elements of stars come from? Before we watched this video and read the packet i had no idea where the elements of a star came from. Over many years the scientists are trying to figure out what caused the elements of a star to form and be the way it is now. Now seeing how our stars have been formed i am very interested in the solar system now. The Universe has come from many years of trial and error.

The universes elements all came from many different things. Although scientists think it all came from one thing, a Super Nova. this is what made our universe. The main element in a star is Hydrogen, where this is found in most stars. Another cause of stars are Nuclear Fusion to form a strong nucleus. With out stars our Solar System would not be able to function.

Copper Chloride Lab

Proper scientific technique requires careful observations to make conclusions. This week we did a lab working with Copper Chloride.  here are my observations.

1. at first the water looked clear and the water was at 19 degrees Celsius.
2. added the blue powder like Sodium Chloride
3. upon entering the water the Sodium Chloride diffused
4. when the Sodium Chloride diffused the water turned green
5. the green water was clear
6. after fully dissolving and diffusing the water turned a murky grey/white water
7. after stirring the water vigorously the water turned back to blue but still murky
8. after that we put in a piece of tinfoil
9. as soon as the silver aluminum hit the chemical it started to bubble and turn brown
10. after putting in the tinfoil the temperature went from 19 Celsius to 21.5 Celsius
11. after stirring the chemical now with tinfoil in it we took the temperature
12. it went up to 25 Celsius
13. now after the stirring the was a pail blue
14. looked like there was sand on the bottom of it the beaker
15. when the chemical was in the beaker it was murky blue then after
16. after filtering the chemical was a pail clear blue
17. then we put the clear acid in a test tube
18. then we put clear acid in the chemical
19. the chemical foamed and started to turn back to blue
20. when I was watching it the chemical started to fizz and sizzle
21. there were a lot of bubbles
22. then it turned green

Oreo Cookie Lab

Oreo Cookie Lab
By: Jared, Pentucket Regional High School
 9/13/13

 Students measured the filling in three types of Oreo cookies to determine if the filling amounts matched the advertising. In Physical Science this week we did a Oreo Cookie lab. the lab was to see if the Mega, and Double stuff Oreo's really had as much filling as the label said there was. Our steps where to get the Oreo's, put the Oreo cream on the triple beam balance record the data. The mass of the mega stuffed Oreo was 9.740, The mass of the Double stuffed Oreo was 6.39, and the mass of the regular Oreo was 3.2. Before we measured the mass of the Oreo filling i did think that there was double the stuffing because when i looked at it at first the Oreo's looked like they had more filling. After this experiment i realized that my Hypothesis was right. Oreo Cookie Filling elements Planets cars disney presidents Original 2.2 3.4 3.2 3.2 o/o=1 Double stuffed 5.2 7.2 6.8 6.34 5.2/2.2= 2.36 Mega Stuffed 8.25 10.65 9.5 9.74 8.25/2.2= 3.75

Density and Measuring

Over this week we did a lot of things that taught me how to do specific things in the lab. One thing we did this week was the do nows. the do nows helped me figure of the mass, density, and volume of various objects. over the summer i forgot how to find the Mass, Density, and Volume but with the help of the do nows helped me remember. One do now we did was finding the density of pure solid copper, the mas and volume was already given to me, but i had to divide the two numbers to get the answer 55. 28. The do nows that we did this week helped me remember what to do when i have to find the Mass, Volume, and Density. Another thing we did this week was Labs. we did two labs, one was do bowling balls sink or float when we did this lab we has to find the density to understand why the ball floats and or sinks. The bowling ball lab helped me because it was the first lab i did after summer and helped me figure out how to do labs again. Another lab that we did this week was the gummy bear lab. The gummy bear lab we had to find the volume, density, length, width, and hight of the gummy bear. these labs helped me understand more about science and prepaired me for the rest of the year.

Why I Chose Physical Science

Why I chose Physical Science

 I chose Physical science because I either needed to pass either chemistry or physical science and I though this class because I though it would be more interesting. There are a lot of reasons that you should study Physical Science. One reason is that there is science in everyday life. Also you should know what is going on around you at every moment.